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Definition

Scope 3 Category 1: Purchased goods and services Definition

Scope 3 Category 1 covers emissions from extracting raw materials through producing the goods and services your company buys in the reporting year, except purchases assigned to upstream Categories 2 through 8.

What is Scope 3 Category 1: Purchased goods and services?

Category 1 covers emissions from extracting raw materials through producing goods and services acquired in the reporting year. Purchases assigned to upstream Categories 2 through 8 are excluded. Equipment belongs in Category 2; third-party transport from your direct supplier belongs in Category 4.

Why does Scope 3 Category 1 matter to you?

CDP 2026 Question 7.8 asks for gross global Scope 3 emissions and explanations of exclusions. For Australian entities required to report under the phased rules, AASB S2 paragraph B32 requires consideration of all 15 categories and disclosure of those included.

How is Scope 3 Category 1 calculated?

Use supplier-specific cradle-to-gate data when it matches your purchase and period. A hybrid method fills gaps with estimates. Average-data multiplies kilograms, units, or service hours by a matching factor. If physical data is unavailable, multiply spend by an environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) factor, meaning an industry emissions factor per unit of currency, and record the currency and price year built into the factor.

What mistakes should you avoid?

  • Including an inbound freight invoice here when it belongs in Category 4.
  • Adding a supplier-specific result and a spend estimate for the same invoice.
  • Using a supplier's whole-company emissions without allocating them to the product or service you bought.

Is Category 1 the same as your suppliers' total emissions?

No. You need cradle-to-gate emissions allocated to your purchases, not each supplier's total. Ask for the product boundary, period, factor unit, allocation method, and the share calculated from data specific to that supplier's product or service.

What should you send when a customer asks for Category 1 data?

Send the period, purchase categories, method by line, result in metric tonnes CO2e, factor files, supplier documents, assumptions, and exclusions. Keep the ledger or bill of materials so each result traces to an invoice, kilogram, unit, or service hour.

Example

Suppose an aluminium extruder in Malaysia bought USD 50,000 of management consulting services during its reporting year, stated at 2022 purchaser prices. Supplier-specific data is unavailable. Keslio's factors dataset uses factor key spend_541611_management_consulting_useeio_v1_3: 0.078 kg CO2e per 2022 USD purchaser price, from the U.S. EPA Supply Chain Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors v1.3 by NAICS-6, published in 2024.

Spend-based calculation: USD 50,000 x 0.078 kg CO2e/2022 USD = 3,900 kg CO2e. Divide by 1,000 to report 3.9 metric tonnes CO2e in Category 1.

This US economy factor is a proxy for a Malaysian purchase. Record the geographic limitation and replace it with reliable supplier-specific or Malaysia-representative data when available. Factor source: U.S. EPA, accessed 19 August 2026.

Where it comes up

Related terms

Sources

  • GHG Protocol

    Category 1 boundary, exclusions, four calculation methods, supplier evidence, and formulas 1.1 to 1.5

    2026-08-19

  • CDP

    2026 Questions 7.8 and 20.7 for gross global Scope 3 emissions and exclusions

    2026-08-19

  • Australian Accounting Standards Board

    Paragraph 29(a)(vi)(1) and B32 on considering all 15 Scope 3 categories and disclosing those included

    2026-08-19

Last verified 2026-08-19

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Scope 3 Category 1: Purchased goods and services Definition | Keslio