Last updated: May 26, 2026. Singapore sustainability reporting is now shaped by a climate-first roadmap led by ACRA and SGX RegCo. The rules apply first to SGX-listed companies, then to large non-listed companies, with requirements phased by company type, market capitalisation, and reporting readiness.
Short answer: Every company listed on the Singapore Exchange needs to publish sustainability information. From financial years starting on or after January 1, 2025, all listed companies must report Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions. Straits Times Index constituents have the earliest fuller ISSB-based climate-related disclosure obligations, including Scope 3 emissions from FY2026. Non-STI listed companies move into fuller climate reporting later, depending on whether their market capitalisation is at least S$1 billion. Large non-listed companies that meet the revenue and asset thresholds are now expected to start ISSB-based climate-related disclosure from FY2030, unless an exemption applies.
Who needs to report sustainability information in Singapore?
The core mandatory regime applies to companies listed on SGX. In practice, this includes listed issuers that prepare an annual sustainability report under SGX Listing Rules 711A and 711B. SGX's sustainability report rule requires issuers to describe their sustainability practices with reference to the primary components set out in the listing rules.
ACRA's wider sustainability reporting roadmap also brings large non-listed companies into scope. A large non-listed company, or large NLCo, is in scope where it meets both of these criteria:
- annual revenue of S$1 billion and above; and
- total assets of S$500 million and above.
A large NLCo may be exempted where its immediate, intermediate, or ultimate parent prepares a public climate or sustainability report using ISSB-based local reporting standards or equivalent standards, and the Singapore company's activities are included in that parent report. Groups should still check the detailed conditions before relying on an exemption.
Smaller private companies may not be directly in scope under the ACRA roadmap, but they can still be pulled into ESG and climate reporting through customer questionnaires, lender requests, investor diligence, parent-company reporting, or procurement requirements from listed customers. For those companies, the practical issue is often not whether Singapore law directly requires a full sustainability report, but whether a buyer or investor is asking for credible GHG data, policies, targets, or supplier evidence.
What changed in the Singapore roadmap?
Singapore's original 2024 roadmap moved listed companies and large NLCos toward mandatory ISSB-aligned climate-related disclosures on a faster timetable. In August 2025, ACRA and SGX RegCo extended most climate reporting and assurance timelines to give companies more time to build reporting capability.
The start date for Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions reporting by all SGX-listed companies did not move. It remains mandatory from FY2025. The bigger changes are the later dates for other ISSB-based climate-related disclosures for many non-STI listed companies, the deferral of large NLCo reporting to FY2030, and the later start for external limited assurance.
Timeline for SGX-listed companies
For listed companies, the exact reporting path depends on whether the issuer is an STI constituent and, for non-STI issuers, its market capitalisation.
From FY2025, all SGX-listed companies must report Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions. This is the baseline climate data obligation that applies across the listed-company population.
STI constituents have the earliest fuller climate reporting obligations. STI constituents must report other ISSB-based climate-related disclosures from FY2025 and Scope 3 GHG emissions from FY2026. The STI test is based on whether the company is an STI constituent on June 30, 2025, and the obligation continues even if the company later ceases to be an STI constituent.
Non-STI listed companies with market capitalisation of S$1 billion and above move next. These issuers must report other ISSB-based climate-related disclosures from FY2028. For companies listed before June 30, 2025, the market-capitalisation test is applied as at close of market on June 30, 2025. For companies listed after that date, the test is applied as at close of market on the listing date, and the reporting year is the later of FY2028 or the company's first full financial year after listing.
Other non-STI listed companies follow from FY2030. Non-STI constituent listed companies with market capitalisation below S$1 billion must report other ISSB-based climate-related disclosures from FY2030. For non-STI listed companies generally, Scope 3 GHG emissions remain voluntary until further notice unless another requirement, customer request, or group reporting obligation applies.
Separately, SGX's sustainability reporting rules still require issuers to prepare an annual sustainability report. From the 2026 rule version, the report is issued at the same time as the annual report, unless the issuer has conducted external assurance on the sustainability report, in which case the report may be issued no later than five months after the financial year end.
Timeline for large non-listed companies
Large NLCos are no longer on the earlier FY2027 start date. Under the updated ACRA timeline, large NLCos that meet both the S$1 billion annual revenue threshold and the S$500 million total assets threshold need to report ISSB-based climate-related disclosures, including Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions, from financial years starting on or after January 1, 2030, unless an exemption applies.
Scope 3 GHG emissions reporting for large NLCos remains voluntary until further notice. That does not mean Scope 3 work can be ignored. Large private groups may still need value-chain data because of parent-company reporting, customer requirements, bank requests, investor due diligence, or future reporting expansion.
What companies need to report
The current regime separates basic GHG emissions reporting from broader climate-related disclosure.
Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions are the first mandatory layer for all SGX-listed companies. Scope 1 covers direct emissions from sources the company owns or controls. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from purchased energy the company consumes.
Scope 3 GHG emissions cover other indirect value-chain emissions. For now, mandatory Scope 3 reporting starts with STI constituents from FY2026. Other listed companies and large NLCos should still identify likely material Scope 3 categories because customers, investors, and future reporting rules often focus on purchased goods and services, logistics, capital goods, business travel, employee commuting, waste, use of sold products, and leased assets.
Other ISSB-based climate-related disclosures cover how the company manages climate-related risks and opportunities. ACRA describes these disclosures around governance, strategy, risk management, and the metrics and targets used to measure progress. SGX's sustainability reporting guide points issuers to the climate-related requirements in the IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards, with phased timing and reliefs depending on the issuer tier.
Other sustainability report components still matter for SGX-listed companies. Rule 711B refers to material environmental, social, and governance factors; climate-related disclosures; policies, practices and performance; targets; the sustainability reporting framework; and the board statement and governance structure for sustainability practices.
Assurance requirements
Singapore has also phased external assurance. Under the updated timeline, listed companies need external limited assurance over Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions from FY2029. Large NLCos need external limited assurance over Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions from FY2032.
ACRA says companies will need to engage a registered climate assurance provider, either an ACRA-registered audit firm or a testing, inspection, and certification firm accredited by the Singapore Accreditation Council. This is separate from internal review. SGX Rule 711B already requires the sustainability reporting process to be subject to internal review, and the SGX Sustainability Reporting Guide explains how internal review and external assurance can increase confidence in reported sustainability information.
How companies should prepare
Companies should start by confirming which reporting path applies. The key questions are whether the entity is SGX-listed, whether it is an STI constituent, whether a non-STI listed issuer meets the S$1 billion market capitalisation threshold, and whether a private company meets the large NLCo revenue and asset thresholds.
Once applicability is clear, the practical preparation work usually includes:
- mapping the reporting boundary, subsidiaries, operating sites, and data owners;
- collecting Scope 1 and Scope 2 activity data, including fuel, refrigerants, electricity, steam, heating, cooling, and renewable energy instruments where relevant;
- deciding the GHG calculation methodology, emission factors, organisational boundary, and base-year approach;
- screening Scope 3 categories even where Scope 3 disclosure is not yet mandatory;
- building a climate-risk register and connecting climate risks to strategy, financial planning, operations, and governance;
- documenting controls, evidence trails, assumptions, approvals, and sign-off points so data is ready for internal review and future assurance;
- preparing board and management narratives around oversight, responsibilities, targets, and progress; and
- checking whether the Sustainability Reporting Grant or other capability-building support is available for the company.
What if you are a supplier or private company?
A supplier may not be directly required to prepare an SGX sustainability report, but the requirements can still reach it indirectly. Listed companies and large groups need better data for Scope 1, Scope 2, Scope 3, climate risk, and supply-chain management. That often turns into requests for emissions data, energy use, renewable electricity evidence, policies, targets, waste data, labour practices, anti-corruption controls, and supplier questionnaires.
If a Singapore supplier receives a buyer request, the first step is to understand the request wording. A customer may be asking for a simple GHG inventory, a supplier questionnaire, activity data for the customer's Scope 3 reporting, evidence of policies and targets, or a more formal sustainability report. Keslio's supplier request support can help translate the request into a scoped response instead of turning it into a broad ESG project.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Using the old FY2027 large NLCo date without checking the 2025 extension. Large NLCo reporting has been deferred to FY2030 under the updated ACRA timeline.
- Assuming Scope 3 is mandatory for every listed company from FY2026. Under the current roadmap, Scope 3 is mandatory for STI constituents from FY2026, while it remains voluntary for other non-STI listed companies until further notice.
- Treating GHG calculations as a spreadsheet-only task. Assurance readiness depends on boundaries, source data, evidence, controls, and documented assumptions.
- Waiting until assurance starts. Limited assurance begins later, but companies should build reviewable data processes now because weak first-year data is hard to clean up later.
- Confusing legal applicability with commercial pressure. A private company may not be directly in scope, yet still need sustainability information for customers, lenders, investors, parent companies, or tenders.
How Keslio can help
Keslio helps companies turn sustainability reporting requirements into practical workplans, data requests, calculations, and report content. For Singapore, this can include:
- applicability review for listed-company, large NLCo, supplier, or group-reporting situations;
- GHG emissions calculations for Scope 1, Scope 2, and relevant Scope 3 categories;
- data request templates and evidence trackers for finance, operations, facilities, procurement, HR, and logistics teams;
- ISSB-style climate disclosure gap reviews covering governance, strategy, risk management, metrics, and targets;
- supporting notes for boundaries, methodologies, assumptions, and emission factors;
- sustainability reporting and communications for annual reports or standalone sustainability reports;
- assurance-readiness preparation for future limited assurance over Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions; and
- supplier request support where the reporting trigger comes from a customer, buyer, lender, or investor.
This guide is not legal advice. If your company is determining formal applicability, filing obligations, exemptions, or interpretation of ACRA or SGX requirements, legal counsel, company secretarial advisers, auditors, or the relevant regulator should confirm the obligation while Keslio supports the ESG data, calculations, reporting, and evidence workstream.
Sources and further reading
- ACRA sustainability reporting and assurance requirements timeline
- ACRA and SGX RegCo announcement on extended climate reporting timelines
- ACRA and SGX RegCo 2024 climate reporting roadmap announcement
- SGX Mainboard Rules 711A and 711B on sustainability reports
- SGX Practice Note 7.6 Sustainability Reporting Guide
- SGX RegCo announcement on incorporating IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards
